Brussels: The European Commission has called on Turkey to reaffirm its commitment to United Nations-sponsored Cyprus settlement talks, emphasizing the need to avoid unilateral actions that could escalate tensions on the island and hinder the resumption of negotiations. The appeal comes as part of the Commission’s annual progress report, which underscores the European Union’s dedication to a comprehensive resolution of the Cyprus issue within the UN framework, based on relevant Security Council resolutions and EU principles.
According to Cyprus News Agency, the European Commission’s Annual Report on Turkey was released following its approval by the College of Commissioners. The report, which covers the period from September 2024 to September 2025, presents a mixed picture of minor improvements in certain economic and technical areas, while highlighting continued backsliding in democracy, rule of law, and human rights.
Commissioner for Enlargement, M¡rta Kos, addressed the European Parliament’s Committee on Foreign Affairs in Brussels, stressing that Turkey, while a key partner in the Eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea regions, faces serious concerns due to the deterioration of democratic standards, rule of law, and fundamental rights. Accession negotiations have been stalled since 2018, reflecting ongoing challenges.
The EU expects Turkey to commit to maintaining good neighbourly relations and resolving disputes peacefully, potentially through the International Court of Justice. The report specifies that Turkey must avoid threats and actions that could damage neighbourly relations, normalize relations with the Republic of Cyprus, and respect the sovereignty of all EU Member States over their territorial waters and airspace.
The report criticizes Turkey’s refusal to recognize and cooperate with the Republic of Cyprus, pointing out that Turkey has not fulfilled its obligations outlined in the European Community’s Declaration and Council Conclusions. Despite repeated calls, Turkey has yet to ensure the full implementation of the Additional Protocol to the Association Agreement and continues to impose restrictions on the free movement of goods, including transport links with Cyprus.
Furthermore, the report highlights Turkey’s continued military activities in Cyprus’ maritime zones, harassment of Cypriot fishing vessels, and violations of Cypriot airspace. It notes ongoing military exercises and the presence of Turkish drones in the region, alongside the upgrading of military installations in Lefkoniko and Bogazi.
On the Cyprus settlement talks, the report expresses concern over Turkey’s advocacy for a two-state solution, contrary to UN Security Council Resolutions, and criticizes the participation of the internationally unrecognized ‘trnc’ in the Organisation of Turkic States. The EU reaffirms its recognition of the Republic of Cyprus and stresses that actions aiding the international recognition of the Turkish Cypriot entity undermine UN-led negotiation efforts.
The report also underscores the importance of Turkey reversing its unilateral actions regarding Varosha, in line with UN Security Council Resolutions. Turkey’s actions in Famagusta and restrictions on UNFICYP’s operations are flagged as challenges to peacekeeping efforts.
Beyond the Cyprus issue, the report addresses broader concerns, stating that Turkey’s electoral framework fails to ensure a level playing field, with opposition politicians facing judicial pressure. The judiciary remains influenced by the executive, impacting the implementation of European Court of Human Rights judgments.
Civil society faces restrictions, with freedom of expression curtailed by censorship and pressure on independent media. Minority groups and gender equality remain areas of concern, exacerbated by Turkey’s withdrawal from the Istanbul Convention.
Economically, Turkey’s market economy is advanced but challenged by high inflation, currency instability, and corruption. The refugee situation remains a critical issue, with limited access to healthcare and education for the large refugee population hosted by Turkey.
The European Union continues to call for Turkey to respect international law and work towards a fair solution to the Cyprus issue, reiterating its readiness to support UN-led processes with all available means.